## Hazard Indication

### Chart indication

Depending on the configured monitoring parameters, a scanning area is formed around the vessel symbol: stern and bow sections.

![Hazard scanning area](images/safety-sector.png)

Objects within this area that belong to monitoring groups will be highlighted on the chart.

Additionally, the scanned area contains a dynamic sector-lane. For objects within the dynamic scanning lane, **Alarms** will be generated. Alarms are generated regardless of the display highlighting settings.
![Detailed scanning area](images/scanning-area.png) |

### Scanning area elements

| No. | Element | Description |
|---|---------|----------|
| **1** | **Own ship** on the chart | Current vessel position |
| **2** | **Speed vector** of the vessel with forecast for the set time | The vector shows the direction and speed of movement (in the example: 5-minute forecast) |
| **3** | **Bow** section of the scanning area | Constructed based on the **Sector-lane** width. Alarms are not generated for objects in this area; only highlighting is performed (if enabled) |
| **4** | **Stern** section of the scanning area | The center of the sector is located at the CCRP and the sector equals 180 degrees. The radius of this sector is equal to half the **Sector-lane** width. Alarms are not generated for objects in this area; only highlighting is performed (if enabled)
| **5** | Dynamic hazard scanning **Sector** | The hazard scanning area ahead of the vessel |
| **6** | Dynamic hazard scanning **Lane** | Alarms are generated for objects within the scanning lane |
| **7** | **Point object** highlighting | Point hazards within the scanning area |
| **8** | **Area object** highlighting | Area hazards within the scanning area |

### Charted hazards

Navigational hazards are always displayed on the {doc}`**Hazard indicator** </sections/graphical-user-interface/off-scale-indicators/index>`.
List of charted hazards that generate alarms:

#### Navigational hazards

1. **Coastline**
2. **Safety contour**
3. **Isolated underwater dangers**
4. **Buoys and beacons**
5. **Obstructions**
6. **Bridges**, if the vertical clearance is less than or equal to the value set in the settings

```{important}
**Alarms are generated only for objects within the dynamic scanning lane.**

Hazard highlighting is performed regardless of the Alarm filter settings and safety sector display enabling.
```

```{important}
**Highlighting of point and area navigational hazards** is performed based on the largest-scale ENC located under the vessel's position.
```

### Monitoring specifics

**Bow scanning sector:**
- Provides advance hazard detection
- Performs preliminary object highlighting
- Does not generate alarms, only visual warning

**Stern scanning sector:**
- Monitors the safety of the vessel's turn
- Especially important when navigating with significant drift
- Useful when proceeding in a narrow channel

**Dynamic lane:**
- Formed based on the configured safety parameters
- Accounts for the vessel's current speed and heading
- Generates audible and visual alarms

```{warning}
Hazard monitoring system alarms must not be ignored. Upon receiving an alarm, immediately assess the situation and take measures to ensure the vessel's navigational safety.
```

### Monitoring recommendations

**Preparation for the voyage:**
1. Configure monitoring parameters in accordance with the vessel's characteristics
2. Set the current vessel draft
3. Select the object filter for monitoring
4. Enable the safety sector display on the chart

**During navigation:**
1. Monitor highlighted hazards on the ENC
2. Pay attention to the off-scale hazard indicator
3. Respond immediately to audible alarms
4. Analyze the position of hazards relative to the vessel's course

**Safety monitoring:**
1. Regularly verify that monitoring settings are up to date
2. Regularly update the current vessel draft in ECDIS settings
3. When navigating in areas with tidal effects, regularly update the water level value and the time of its application
4. When speed or navigation conditions change, revise the parameters as necessary
5. Do not rely solely on automatic monitoring — maintain visual lookout

```{tip}
Using static forecasting (**forecast by distance**) provides more stable system operation and lower ECDIS processor load, especially in areas with a limited number of navigational hazards.
```
